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【解説】2008年センター試験英語第3問B「要約」

2008年度センター試験英語解説 共通テスト・センター試験英語解説
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問1

問題次の英文は、学校新聞に載った、服装規定についての記事である。意見の要約として最も適当なものを、それぞれ下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

The topic for this week’s “Speak Out” column is whether there should be a mandatory dress code in our school. The first opinion selected was sent in by Monica Molina, a tenth grader. She writes:

There needs to be some limitation to what students can wear to school. Without a dress code students could wear clothing that is offensive, inappropriate, distracting, or threatening. Clothing with offensive slogans and pictures that promote drugs, alcohol and smoking should not be allowed. Pictures and slogans which are offensive to race and gender should not be allowed, either. Clothing with distracting pictures or writing could take students’ attention away from studying, which is why students are here. Clothing with messages, writing or pictures that are threatening to students or teachers shouldn’t be worn. Being in a school with no dress code would be very bad. A dress code should be made, taking into consideration everyone who studies and works in the school.

1. A lot of students wear clothing that is threatening to others.
2. Clothing that has writing which encourages smoking is not so bad.
3. Dress rules should protect everyone in school from being offended.
4. Most students don’t wear appropriate clothing to school.

【解説】

筆者 (話者) の主張は最初と最後にあることが多い。
で、一行目の英文を見てみると、

There needs to be some limitation to what students can wear to school.
「学校に生徒たちが何を着ていくことができるかについて、規制がある必要がある」

最後の英文を見てみると

A dress code should be made, taking into consideration everyone who studies and works in the school.
「学校で勉強していたり、働いている人たちみんなのことを考慮して、服装規定は作られる必要がある」

選択肢の意味はそれぞれ、こうなっています。

1. A lot of students wear clothing that is threatening to others.
多くの生徒は他人を脅す服を着ている。
2. Clothing that has writing which encourages smoking is not so bad.
タバコを勧める言葉がある服はそんなに悪くない。
3. Dress rules should protect everyone in school from being offended.
服装規定のおかげで、学校のみんなは気分を害されることから守られているはずだ。
4. Most students don’t wear appropriate clothing to school.
ほとんどの生徒は学校に適した服を着てこない。

【正解】3

問2

問題次の英文は、学校新聞に載った、服装規定についての記事である。意見の要約として最も適当なものを、それぞれ下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

Our next opinion was submitted by Kishan Santha, an eleventh grader, who says:

Students should be free to choose what they want to wear to school. Granted, there are some shirts that have offensive writing on them but the majority of messages are not offensive. Most messages do not negatively affect our learning and attention in class. If we have a dress code at all, it should state that students cannot wear clothes with insulting words on them. But, that is it. I’m sure that whether there is a dress code or not, my friends will wear what they know is fine and appropriate in school. Teachers should trust us to be able to determine whether or not the clothes we decide to wear are appropriate.

1. A dress code cannot prevent students from wearing clothing with offensive messages.
2. In most cases, students can determine what clothing is acceptable to wear to school.
3. Teachers can be trust to make a dress code that students will accept.
4. Students should be encouraged to make a school dress code for themselves.

【解説】

問題文中の But に注目しましょう。

but は逆接の接続詞で、その前後で逆の意味のものがくるが、後ろの内容がより重要になることに注意です。

But, that is it. I’m sure that whether there is a dress code or not, my friends will wear what they know is fine and appropriate in school.
「しかし、それはそうだが、服装規定があろうがなかろうが、私の友達たちは、きれいで学校に適した物を(ちゃんと分かって)着ると私は思う」

(what の後ろの they know は、省略しても意味が通じるということは挿入句?)

選択肢の意味は、こうなっています。

1. A dress code cannot prevent students from wearing clothing with offensive messages.
服装規定は生徒たちが気分を害するメッセージのある服を着るのをやめさせられない。
2. In most cases, students can determine what clothing is acceptable to wear to school.
ほとんどの場合、学生は学校へ着ていくのにどんな服が適しているかを決められる。
3. Teachers can be trust to make a dress code that students will accept.
学生が受け入れられる服装規定を、つくることについて先生たちを信用することができる。
4. Students should be encouraged to make a school dress code for themselves.
学生たちは自分自身で学校の服装規定をつくるよう奨励されるべきだ。

【正解】2

問3

問題次の英文は、学校新聞に載った、服装規定についての記事である。
意見の要約として最も適当なものを、それぞれ下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

The third opinion selected was written by Kim Higgins, a twelfth grader. She says:

I believe that students can express themselves with their clothing. However, there should be some kind of dress code at school. It should not be a strict code, but a realistic one that everyone can follow. A rule that I find reasonable is that a shirt or blouse should not be so short that part of the person’s body can be seen. It particularly bothers some people when they can see someone else’s bare stomach. Also, we should not have to see other people’s underwear. This offends some people and can be considered insulting. If we don’t have school dress rules, with today’s fashion, things could get out of control.

1. Clothing is not a good way for students to show their feelings.
2. Current dress style don’t require a specific school dress code.
3. Showing one’s stomach is fashionable and not so offensive.
4. Some guidance is needed to help students dress with moderation.

【解説】

問題文中の However に注目しましょう。However も逆接の接続詞で、but と同様後ろの内容がより重要となります。

However, there should be some kind of dress code at school.
「しかしながら、幾種類かの学校の服装規定はあるべきだ」

さらに次の英文にも but がある。

It should not be a strict code, but a realistic one that everyone can follow.
「それは厳格な規定ではなく、みんなが従えるような現実的なものであるべきだ。」

[not A but B / AではなくB] の構文。
また should が話者の主張をあらわすことに注目するとよいですね。

選択肢の意味は、こうなっています。

1. Clothing is not a good way for students to show their feelings.
学生が彼らの気持ちをあらわすのに、服はよい方法ではない。
2. Current dress style don’t require a specific school dress code.
現在の服のスタイルは特別な学校の服装規定を必要としない (服装規定とは関係ないですね)。
3. Showing one’s stomach is fashionable and not so offensive.
おなかを見せるのはファッショナブルで気分を害さない。
4. Some guidance is needed to help students dress with moderation.
学生たち節度をもって服を着させるのにいくらかの指導は必要だ。
(「help+目的語+原形不定詞」で~…するのを助ける / ~が…するのを助長する、となる)

【正解】4

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