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- Aggressive and strong
- Cooperative and smart
- Friendly and calm
- Independent and intelligent
å28ïœ31ãã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ç©ºæ¬ïŒã28ãïŒïœïŒã31ãïŒã«å ¥ããã®ã«æãé©åãªãã®ããå ã€ã®éžæè¢ã®ãã¡ããäžã€ãã€éžã³ãªãããéžæè¢ã¯ïŒå以äžäœ¿ã£ãŠãããŸããŸããã
1. clothing
4. friendship
2. cosmetics
5. group
3. deaths
6. performances
å32ãè¬çŸ©ã®å 容ãšäžèŽãããã®ã¯ã©ãããæãé©åãªãã®ããåã€ã®éžæè¢ã®ãã¡ããäžã€éžã³ãªããã
- Efforts to stop illegal activities are effective in allowing humans to expand their housing projects.
- Encounters between different elephant groups are responsible for the decrease in agricultural development.
- Helping humans and Asian elephants live together is a key to preserving elephants’ lives and habitats.
- Listing the Asian elephant as an endangered species is a way to solve environmental problems.
å33ãã°ã«ãŒãã®çºè¡šãèããæ¬¡ã®å³ããèªã¿åããæ å ±ãšè¬çŸ©å šäœã®å 容ããã©ã®ãããªããšãèšããããæãé©åãªãã®ããåã€ã®éžæè¢ã®ãã¡ããäžã€éžã³ãªããã

- Efforts to protect endangered animals have increased the number of elephants in Sri Lanka.
- Monitoring illegal activities in Sri Lanka has been effective in eliminating elephant deaths.
- Sri Lanka has not seen in increase in the number of elephants that have died due to human-elephant encounters.
- Steps taken to protect elephants have not produced the desired results in Sri Lanka yet.
解説ãå27ïœ32

Today, our topic is the Asian elephant, the largest land animal in Asia. They are found across South and Southeast Asia. Asian elephants are sociable animals that usually live in groups and are known for helping each other. They are also intelligent and have the ability to use tools.
æ¬æ¥ã®ãããã¯ã¯ãã¢ãžã¢æå€§ã®éžäžåç©ã§ããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã§ããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã¯åã¢ãžã¢ãšæ±åã¢ãžã¢å šåã«çæ¯ããŠããŸããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã¯ç€Ÿäº€çãªåç©ã§ãéåžžã¯çŸ€ãã§ç掻ããå©ãåãããšã§ç¥ãããŠããŸãããŸããç¥èœãé«ããéå ·ã䜿ãèœåãæã£ãŠããŸãã
The Asian elephantâs population has dropped greatly over the last 75 years, even though this animal is listed as endangered. Why has this happened? One reason for this decline is illegal human activities. Wild elephants have long been killed for ivory. But now, there is a developing market for other body parts, including skin and tail hair. These body parts are used for accessories, skin care products, and even medicine. Also, the number of wild elephants caught illegally is increasing because performing elephants are popular as tourist attractions.
çµ¶æ» å±æ§çš®ã«æå®ãããŠããã«ãããããããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®åäœæ°ã¯éå» 75 幎éã§å€§å¹ ã«æžå°ããŸããããªããã®ãããªããšãèµ·ããã®ã§ãããããæžå°ã®çç±ã® 1 ã€ã¯ã人éã®éæ³ãªæŽ»åã§ããéçã®ãŸãŠã¯è±¡çã®ããã«é·ãéæ®ºãããŠããŸããããããçŸåšãç®èãå°Ÿã®æ¯ãªã©ãä»ã®äœã®éšäœã®åžå Žãçºå±ããŠããŸãããããã®äœã®éšäœã¯ãã¢ã¯ã»ãµãªãŒãã¹ãã³ã±ã¢è£œåãããã«ã¯è¬ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãããŸããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ããããŸãŠã芳å ã¢ãã©ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãšããŠäººæ°ããããããéæ³ã«æç²ãããéçãŸãŠã®æ°ãå¢å ããŠããŸãã
Housing developments and farming create other problems for elephants. Asian elephants need large areas to live in, but these human activities have reduced their natural habitats and created barriers between elephant groups. As a result, there is less contact between elephant groups and their numbers are declining. Also, many elephants are forced to live close to humans, resulting in deadly incidents for both humans and elephants.
äœå® éçºã蟲æ¥ã¯ããŸãŠã«ãšã£ãŠä»ã®åé¡ãåŒãèµ·ãããŸããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã¯äœãããã«åºãå°åãå¿ èŠãšããŸããããããã®äººéã®æŽ»åã«ãããèªç¶ã®çæ¯å°ãæžå°ãããŸãŠã®ã°ã«ãŒãéã®éå£ãã§ããŸããããã®çµæããŸãŠã®çŸ€ãåå£«ã®æ¥è§ŠãæžãããŸãŠã®æ°ã¯æžå°ããŠããŸãããŸããå€ãã®ãŸãŠã人éã®è¿ãã§æ®ããããšãäœåãªãããã人éãšãŸãŠã®äž¡æ¹ã«ãšã£ãŠåœãšããªäºä»¶ãçºçããŠããŸãã
What actions have been taken to improve the Asian elephantâs future? People are forming patrol units and other groups that watch for illegal activities. People are also making new routes to connect elephant habitats, and are constructing fences around local living areas to protect both people and elephants.
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®å°æ¥ãæ¹åããããã«ãã©ã®ãããªå¯Ÿçãè¬ããããŠããã®ã§ãããããéæ³è¡çºãç£èŠããããããŒã«éšéããã®ä»ã®ã°ã«ãŒããçµæãããŠããŸãããŸãããŸãŠã®çæ¯å°ãçµã¶æ°ããã«ãŒããäœã£ããã人ãšãŸãŠã®äž¡æ¹ãä¿è·ããããã«å°å ã®ç掻ãšãªã¢ã®åšãã«ãã§ã³ã¹ã建èšãããããŠããŸãã
Next, letâs look at the current situation for elephants in different Asian countries. Each group will give its report to the class.
次ã«ãããŸããŸãªã¢ãžã¢ã®åœã ã®ãŸãŠã®çŸç¶ãèŠãŠã¿ãŸããããåã°ã«ãŒããã¯ã©ã¹ã«ã¬ããŒããçºè¡šããŸãã
解説ãå27
ïŒã27ãïŒã¯ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ãGeneral Information / åºæ¬æ å ±ãã«ãããŸãã
âSize:
âHabitats:
âCharacteristics:
Largest land animal in Asia
South and Southeast Asia
ïŒã27ãïŒ
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®ãCharacteristics / ç¹åŸŽããéžæè¢ããéžã¶åé¡ã§ãã
éžæè¢ã確èªããŸãããã
1. Aggressive and strong
æ»æçã§åŒ·ã
2. Cooperative and smart
ååçã§è³¢ã
3. Friendly and calm
å奜çã§ç©ãã
4. Independent and intelligent
ç¬ç«å¿ãããè³¢ã
è¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
Asian elephants are sociable animals that usually live in groups and are known for helping each other. They are also intelligent and have the ability to use tools.
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã¯ç€Ÿäº€çãªåç©ã§ãéåžžã¯çŸ€ãã§ç掻ããå©ãåãããšã§ç¥ãããŠããŸãããŸããç¥èœãé«ããéå
·ã䜿ãèœåãæã£ãŠããŸãã
ãhelping each other / å©ãåãããintelligent / ç¥æ§ãããããšãããŸãããšããããšã§ãæ£è§£ã¯ã2ãã§ãã

éžæè¢ã4ãã«ã¯ãintelligentããšãããŸããããã®åã®ãindependentãããè¬çŸ©ã®ãlive in groupããšåããŸããããŸãéžæè¢ã3ãã¯ã象ã®äžè¬çãªã€ã¡ãŒãžã«è¿ãã§ããããã®åŸã®è©±ãã°ã©ããèŠããšã人éã襲ãå Žé¢ãããã¿ããã§ããã
解説ãå28ïœ31
éžæè¢ã¯ä»¥äžã®éãã§ãã
- clothing / è¡£æ
- friendship / åæ
- cosmetics / åç²§å
- group / ã°ã«ãŒã
- deaths / æ»
- performances / ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹
ãã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ïŒã28ãïŒïœïŒã31ãïŒã«å ¥ããã®ãéžæè¢ããéžã¶åé¡ã§ãã
ïŒã28ãïŒã¯ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ãIllegal Commercial Activitiesãã®é ç®ã«ãããããŸãã
using elephant body parts for accessories, (ã28ã), medicine
象ã®äœã®äžéšãã¢ã¯ã»ãµãªãŒãïŒã28ãïŒãè¬ã«å©çš
ã象ã®äœã®å©çšãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ã¯ãã®ããã«èšã£ãŠããŸãã
These body parts are used for accessories, skin care products, and even medicine.
ãããã®äœã®éšäœã¯ãã¢ã¯ã»ãµãªãŒãã¹ãã³ã±ã¢è£œåãããã«ã¯è¬ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
ãskin care products / ã¹ãã³ã±ã¢è£œåãã«äœ¿çšãããšèšã£ãŠããŸããïŒã28ãïŒã«å ¥ãã®ã¯ã2ãã®ãcosmetics / åç²§åãã§ãã
ïŒã29ãïŒã¯ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ãIllegal Commercial Activitiesãã®é ç®ã«ãããããŸãã
capturing live elephants for (ã29ã)
ïŒã29ãïŒã®ããã«ãçãã象ãæç²
ãè±¡ã®æç²ãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
Also, the number of wild elephants caught illegally is increasingãbecause performing elephants are popular as tourist attractions.
ãŸããããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ããããŸãŠã芳å
ã¢ãã©ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãšããŠäººæ°ããããããéæ³ã«æç²ãããéçãŸãŠã®æ°ãå¢å ããŠããŸãã
ãããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãã人æ°ãšèšã£ãŠããŸããïŒã29ãïŒã«å ¥ãã®ã¯ã6ãã®ãperformances / ããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãã§ãã
ïŒã30ãïŒã¯ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ãHabitat Loss Due to Land Developmentãã®é ç®ã«ãããããŸãã
a decrease in elephant (ã30ã) interaction
象ã®ïŒã30ãïŒã®äº€æµã®æžå°
ãdecrease / æžå°ãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
As a result, there is less contact between elephant groups and their numbers are declining.
ãã®çµæããŸãŠã®çŸ€ãåå£«ã®æ¥è§ŠãæžãããŸãŠã®æ°ã¯æžå°ããŠããŸãã
ã矀ããã®æ¥è§Šãæžã£ãŠãããšèšã£ãŠããŸããïŒã30ãïŒã«å ¥ãã®ã¯ã5ãã®ãgroup / ã°ã«ãŒããã§ãã
ïŒã31ãïŒã¯ã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒãã®ãHabitat Loss Due to Land Developmentãã®é ç®ã«ãããããŸãã
an increase in human and elephant (ã31ã)
人éãšè±¡ã®ïŒã31ãïŒã®å¢å
ãhuman and elephant / 人éãšè±¡ãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
Also, many elephants are forced to live close to humans, resulting in deadly incidents for both humans and elephants.
ãŸããå€ãã®ãŸãŠã人éã®è¿ãã§æ®ããããšãäœåãªãããã人éãšãŸãŠã®äž¡æ¹ã«ãšã£ãŠåœãšããªäºä»¶ãçºçããŠããŸãã
ãåœãšããªãäºä»¶ãçºçããŠãããšèšã£ãŠããŸããïŒã31ãïŒã«å ¥ãã®ã¯ã3ãã®ãdeaths / æ»äº¡ãã§ãã
ãšããããšã§ãæ£è§£ã¯ïŒã28ãïŒâã2ããïŒã29ãïŒâã6ããïŒã30ãïŒâã5ããïŒã31ãïŒâã3ãã§ãã

å 容ãèãåããªããŠããã¯ãŒã¯ã·ãŒããšéžæè¢ã ãã§ãããªãçµã蟌ãããã§ã¯ãããŸããïŒã28ãïŒã¯ã1ãã2ãã®ã©ã¡ããã§ãããããïŒã29ãïŒã¯çããŠãã象ãæãŸããçç±ãšããŠã¯ããããèããããªããïŒã30ãïŒã¯æ¶å»æ³ã§äœãšããªãããã§ãããïŒã31ãïŒã«ã€ããŠã¯ãã°ã©ããããæ»äº¡äºæ ãå¢ããŠããããšãããããŸãã
解説ãå32
è¬çŸ©ã®å 容ãšäžèŽãããã®ããéžæè¢ããéžã¶åé¡ã§ããéžæè¢ã確èªããŸãããã
1. Efforts to stop illegal activities are effective in allowing humans to expand their housing projects.
éæ³è¡çºã黿¢ããåªåã¯ã人éãäœå±
èšç»ãæ¡å€§ããã®ã«å¹æçã§ãã
ãillegal activities / éæ³è¡çºãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
What actions have been taken to improve the Asian elephantâs future? People are forming patrol units and other groups that watch for illegal activities.
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®å°æ¥ãæ¹åããããã«ãã©ã®ãããªå¯Ÿçãè¬ããããŠããã®ã§ããããã人ã
ã¯éæ³è¡çºãç£èŠããããããŒã«éšéããã®ä»ã®ã°ã«ãŒããçµæããŠããŸãã
éæ³è¡çºãåãç· ãŸãããšããŠããŸããã§ãããã®ç®çã¯ãã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®å°æ¥ãæ¹åãããããã§ããããäœå± èšç»ãæ¡å€§ãããããã§ã¯ãããŸããããã®éžæè¢ã¯éããŸã
2. Encounters between different elephant groups are responsible for the decrease in agricultural development.
ç°ãªããŸãŠã®çŸ€ãéã®ééã¯ã蟲æ¥éçºã®æžå°ã®åå ã§ãã
ã象ã®çŸ€ããã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
Asian elephants need large areas to live in, but these human activities have reduced their natural habitats and created barriers between elephant groups.
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã¯äœãããã«åºãå°åãå¿
èŠãšããŸããããããã®äººéã®æŽ»åã«ãããèªç¶ã®çæ¯å°ãæžå°ãããŸãŠã®ã°ã«ãŒãéã®éå£ãã§ããŸããã
ã€ãŸã蟲æ¥éçºã®ããã«è±¡ã®çŸ€ããééã§ããªããªã£ãã®ã§ãã£ãŠã矀ããééãããã蟲æ¥éçºãã§ããªãã®ã§ã¯ãããŸããããã®éžæè¢ã¯éããŸãã
3. Helping humans and Asian elephants live together is a key to preserving elephants’ lives and habitats.
人éãšã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠãå
±åã§ããããã«ããããšã¯ããŸãŠã®åœãšçæ¯å°ãä¿è·ããããã®éµã§ãã
ã人éãšã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®å ±åãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
People are also making new routes to connect elephant habitats, and are constructing fences around local living areas to protect both people and elephants.
ãŸãããŸãŠã®çæ¯å°ãçµã¶æ°ããã«ãŒããäœã£ããã人ãšãŸãŠã®äž¡æ¹ãä¿è·ããããã«å°å
ã®ç掻ãšãªã¢ã®åšãã«ãã§ã³ã¹ã建èšãããããŠããŸãã
人éãšè±¡ãå ±åã§ãããããªçãè¬ããŠããŸãããã®éžæè¢ãæ£è§£ã§ãã
4. Listing the Asian elephant as an endangered species is a way to solve environmental problems.
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠãçµ¶æ»
屿§çš®ã«æå®ããããšã¯ãç°å¢åé¡ã解決ããäžã€ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãã
ãçµ¶æ» å±æ§çš®æå®ãã«ã€ããŠãè¬çŸ©ã§ããèšã£ãŠããŸãã
The Asian elephantâs population has dropped greatly over the last 75 years, even though this animal is listed as endangered.
çµ¶æ»
屿§çš®ã«æå®ãããŠããã«ãããããããã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã®åäœæ°ã¯éå» 75 幎éã§å€§å¹
ã«æžå°ããŸããã
ã¢ãžã¢ãŸãŠã¯çµ¶æ» 屿§çš®ã«æå®ãããŠããŸããããããç°å¢åé¡ã解決ããææ®µãšã¯èšãããŠããŸããããã®éžæè¢ã¯éããŸãã
ãšããããšã§ãæ£è§£ã¯ã3ãã§ãã

å 容ããã£ããçè§£ããŠããã°ãäžçºã§æ£è§£ããããã§ãããããã©ããªããªãé£ãããšæããŸããããããªããšèšã£ãŠããªãã£ãããªãããšããæãã§æ¶å»æ³ã§çµã£ãŠããã®ãå®è·µçã§ãããã
解説ãå33

Our group studied deadly encounters between humans and elephants in Sri Lanka. In other countries, like India, many more people than elephants die in these encounters. By contrast, similar efforts in Sri Lanka show a different trend. Letâs take a look at the graph and the data we found.
ç§ãã¡ã®ã°ã«ãŒãã¯ã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã®äººéãšãŸãŠã®èŽåœçãªééã«ã€ããŠç ç©¶ããŸãããã€ã³ããªã©ã®ä»ã®åœã§ã¯ããããã®ééã§ãŸãŠãããå€ãã®äººã亡ããªã£ãŠããŸãã察ç
§çã«ãã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã®åæ§ã®åãçµã¿ã¯ç°ãªãåŸåã瀺ããŠããŸããã°ã©ããšç§ãã¡ãèŠã€ããããŒã¿ãèŠãŠã¿ãŸãããã

è¬çŸ©ãšã°ã©ãããåœãŠã¯ãŸãå 容ããéžæè¢ããéžã¶åé¡ã§ããéžæè¢ã確èªããŸãããã
1. Efforts to protect endangered animals have increased the number of elephants in Sri Lanka.
çµ¶æ»
屿§åç©ãä¿è·ããããã®åãçµã¿ã«ãããã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã®è±¡ã®æ°ãå¢å ããŸããã
象ã®ã°ã©ãã¯å³è©äžããã§ããããããã®ã°ã©ãã¯ãNumber of Death / æ»äº¡ã®æ°ãã§ãããªã®ã§ã象èªäœã®æ°ãå¢ãããã©ããã¯ããããŸããããã®éžæè¢ã¯éããŸãã
2. Monitoring illegal activities in Sri Lanka has been effective in eliminating elephant deaths.
ã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã®éæ³è¡çºã®ç£èŠã¯ãè±¡ã®æ»ããªããã®ã«å¹æçã§ããã
ãNumber of Death / æ»äº¡ã®æ°ããããããã°ã©ãã§ã象ã¯å³è©äžããã§ããã€ãŸããè±¡ã®æ»ãã¯ç¡ããªã£ãŠããŸããããã®éžæè¢ã¯éããŸãã
3. Sri Lanka has not seen in increase in the number of elephants that have died due to human-elephant encounters.
ã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã¯ã人éãšè±¡ã®ééã«ããæ»äº¡ããè±¡ã®æ°ãå¢å ããŠããŸããã
ãNumber of Death / æ»äº¡ã®æ°ããããããã°ã©ãã§ã象ã¯å³è©äžããã§ããã€ãŸãæ»äº¡ããè±¡ã®æ°ã¯å¢å ããŠããŸãããã®éžæè¢ã¯éããŸãã
4. Steps taken to protect elephants have not produced the desired results in Sri Lanka yet.
ã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã¯ã象ãä¿è·ããããã«è¬ããããæªçœ®ã¯ãŸã æãŸããçµæããããããŠããŸããã
女æ§ã¯ãã話ããŠããŸãã
In other countries, like India, many more people than elephants die in these encounters. By contrast, similar efforts in Sri Lanka show a different trend.
ã€ã³ããªã©ã®ä»ã®åœã§ã¯ããããã®ééã§ãŸãŠãããå€ãã®äººã亡ããªã£ãŠããŸãã察ç
§çã«ãã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã®åæ§ã®åãçµã¿ã¯ç°ãªãåŸåã瀺ããŠããŸãã
女æ§ã®èšããšãããä»åœã§ã¯äººã®æ»äº¡ã®æ¹ãå€ããšãããã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã§ã¯äººã亡ããªãæ°ãã象ãããå°ãªããªã£ãŠããŸããããããããšäººãå®ããšããæå³ã§ã¯ã¹ãªã©ã³ã«ã®æªçœ®ã¯æãŸããçµæã«ã€ãªãã£ãã®ãããããŸããã
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