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【解説】2010年センター試験第5問「ビジュアル問題」

2010年度センター試験英語解説 共通テスト・センター試験英語解説
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問1

問題次の文は、同一の状況について二人の人物がそれぞれの観点から述べたものである。文章を読み、下の問いの(   )に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

Witness A :  I was standing at the bus stop opposite the gas station on Route 300, a four-lane road. That had always been a dangerous area, but it’s safer now because they recently put in traffic signals. There were two vehicles on the road approaching the signal. One was a small farm truck and the other a brand-new sports car. It was getting dark but the heavy rain had just stopped and there were no other cars around. Anyway, the truck and the sports car were driving side by side when the car started to swerve from side to side. I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure – I couldn’t take my eyes off the car. The signal was red, but instead of slowing down, the car sped ahead rapidly. The driver was going to go through the intersection when the light was red! And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit, but they both turned away from each other at the last second and avoided a crash. But then the back doors of the van opened up and hundreds of soccer balls spilled out.

Witness B : I was walking on the side road toward Route 300 – coming to the intersection. I noticed that they had put up signals near the service station. This should help make the intersection safer. Suddenly, a van came up from behind me. It was strange – I could see inside the van and it was full of soccer balls! I had never seen anything like hat before. Anyway, as the van was approaching the signal, the light turned from green to yellow. But the driver went faster when he should have slowed down – he drove into the intersection where he almost hit a sports car. It was so lucky – the man was able to turn to the right and miss the car. I think the sports car turned too. Fortunately, there was no accident, but there were soccer balls all over the place.

問1
Which of the following illustrations is the most appropriate for the reports above? (  )

【解説】

例によって設問から確認します。

Which of the following illustrations is the most appropriate for the reports above?
次の図のうち、上記のレポートに最も適切なものはどれですか?

これは訳さなくても「下の図の中で正しいものを選べ」という意味であることは分かりますね。そして軽く図に目を通してそれぞれの違いを簡単に分かる範囲で書き出しておきましょう。

たとえば[S]の曲がる方向が違いますね。後は[V]が来た方向も違いますね。[T]は 2. では左折していますが、1.3.4.では止まっているんでしょうか? まぁ、こんなもんですか・・・後はおいおい本文を読みながら確認していくことになるでしょう。

Witness A の証言から見てみましょう・・・わかりましたか? 正直分かりにくいですね。

車が truck ・ ports car ・ van と3種類出てきて、それが入り乱れています。途中で the car が赤信号を無視して交差点に突っ込んでいったようなことを2度ほど言っていましたが、その the car が何の車を指しているのかがつかめていなかったら、少しつらいですね。

まぁ、一般的なイメージから sports car の方が無茶な運転をするだろうということもありますし、その辺を手助けにして読むのも、最終手段としてアリかも知れませんね。

あるいは I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, という文から the car は truck ではない、と判断するのも1つの方法でしょう。すると「スポーツカー」がおとなしく信号で止まっている 2. は違うということになりますね。

ただまぁ、本当に the car が sports car を指すのかどうかが判断し切れていないのなら、2. は疑わしいけれど消すのは保留にしておいてもよいでしょう。

引き続き Witness B の証言に目を通しましょう。
こちらの証言は分かりやすいですね。出てくる車の種類が sports car と van の2種類だけというのもよいです。 注目する発言はこれです。

a van came up from behind me.
「バンは私の後ろから来た」

図を確認すれば Witness B の後ろからバンが来ているのは 2 と 4 ですね。この時点で 1 と 3 は消すことができそうです。

さらにこういう文があります。

he almost hit a sports car.
「彼 (バン) はスポーツカーとほとんどぶつかるところだった」

これで 4. 決定ですかね。2. はぶつかりそうに見えないですし・・・

それでも心配な人のために、こんな文もあります。

I think the sports car turned too.
「私はスポーツカーも曲がったように思う」

ということで、スポーツカーが曲がっているのは選択肢の 4. ですので、これが正解ですね。

【正解】4

問2

問題次の文は、同一の状況について二人の人物がそれぞれの観点から述べたものである。文章を読み、下の問いの(   )に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

Witness A :  I was standing at the bus stop opposite the gas station on Route 300, a four-lane road. That had always been a dangerous area, but it’s safer now because they recently put in traffic signals. There were two vehicles on the road approaching the signal. One was a small farm truck and the other a brand-new sports car. It was getting dark but the heavy rain had just stopped and there were no other cars around. Anyway, the truck and the sports car were driving side by side when the car started to swerve from side to side. I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure – I couldn’t take my eyes off the car. The signal was red, but instead of slowing down, the car sped ahead rapidly. The driver was going to go through the intersection when the light was red! And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit, but they both turned away from each other at the last second and avoided a crash. But then the back doors of the van opened up and hundreds of soccer balls spilled out.

Witness B : I was walking on the side road toward Route 300 – coming to the intersection. I noticed that they had put up signals near the service station. This should help make the intersection safer. Suddenly, a van came up from behind me. It was strange – I could see inside the van and it was full of soccer balls! I had never seen anything like hat before. Anyway, as the van was approaching the signal, the light turned from green to yellow. But the driver went faster when he should have slowed down – he drove into the intersection where he almost hit a sports car. It was so lucky – the man was able to turn to the right and miss the car. I think the sports car turned too. Fortunately, there was no accident, but there were soccer balls all over the place.

問2
Based on what one of the witnesses said, we can assume it was (  ).

1. early in the morning and there were few cars
2. evening and the road was wet
3. late afternoon and Route 300 was full of cars
4. late at night and it was slippery

【解説】

設問の文を先に確認しておきます。

Based on what one of the witnesses said, we can assume it was (  ).
「目撃者の証言の1つによれば、私たちはそれは(  )だと思われる」

選択肢は
1. early in the morning and there were few cars
「朝早く、そして数台の車があった」

Aさんは It was getting dark と言っていますね。「暗くなる」・・・ということは「朝」じゃなくて「夕方」ですね。さらに there were no other cars around. と言っていましたのでこの選択肢は違いますね。

2. evening and the road was wet
「夕方、そして道は濡れていた」

Aさんが言っていた It was getting dark からは「夕方」が考えられます。また the heavy rain had just stopped と、「ちょうど雨がやんだ」と言っていますので、道は濡れていることが想像できますね。正解はこれでしょうか?

3. late afternoon and Route 300 was full of cars
「午後遅く、そしてルート300は車で一杯だった」

Aさんの発言である there were no other cars around. により、この選択肢も違いますね。「トラック」と「スポーツカー」「バン」の3台では一杯とは言いませんからね。

4. late at night and it was slippery
「夜遅く、そして滑りやすかった」

これまたAさんの発言である It was getting dark から考えると違いますね。夜中だともともと暗いのだから、これ以上暗くなりようがありませんものね。

【正解】2

問3

問題次の文は、同一の状況について二人の人物がそれぞれの観点から述べたものである。文章を読み、下の問いの(   )に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

Witness A :  I was standing at the bus stop opposite the gas station on Route 300, a four-lane road. That had always been a dangerous area, but it’s safer now because they recently put in traffic signals. There were two vehicles on the road approaching the signal. One was a small farm truck and the other a brand-new sports car. It was getting dark but the heavy rain had just stopped and there were no other cars around. Anyway, the truck and the sports car were driving side by side when the car started to swerve from side to side. I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure – I couldn’t take my eyes off the car. The signal was red, but instead of slowing down, the car sped ahead rapidly. The driver was going to go through the intersection when the light was red! And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit, but they both turned away from each other at the last second and avoided a crash. But then the back doors of the van opened up and hundreds of soccer balls spilled out.

Witness B : I was walking on the side road toward Route 300 – coming to the intersection. I noticed that they had put up signals near the service station. This should help make the intersection safer. Suddenly, a van came up from behind me. It was strange – I could see inside the van and it was full of soccer balls! I had never seen anything like hat before. Anyway, as the van was approaching the signal, the light turned from green to yellow. But the driver went faster when he should have slowed down – he drove into the intersection where he almost hit a sports car. It was so lucky – the man was able to turn to the right and miss the car. I think the sports car turned too. Fortunately, there was no accident, but there were soccer balls all over the place.

問3
Witness A is not really certain about (  ).

1. whether it had been raining heavily or not
2. whether or not the light was red
3. whether the truck tried to avoid the sports car
4. which direction the van came from

【解説】

設問を先に目を通しましょう。

Witness A is not really certain about (  ).
「目撃者Aは (  ) について本当には確信していない」

ということは、この設問は Witness A: を読み終えたら、すぐ解答に向かうことができますね。あとは、not に注意してください。「確信していないですよ。」

では選択肢を見ていきまょう。
1. whether it had been raining heavily or not
「雨が強く降っていたかどうか」

the heavy rain had just stopped と、本文で言い切っていますのでこれは違いますね。

2. whether or not the light was red
「信号が赤だったかどうか」

The signal was red と、これも本文で言い切っていますね。この選択肢も違います。

3. whether the truck tried to avoid the sports car
「トラックがスポーツカーを避けようとしたかどうか」

本文にこうあります。

I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure
「私はトラックがその車(スポーツカー)から離れようとして軽く動いたかもしれないと考える。でも確信できない」

やはり逆接の接続詞 but の重要性がここでもいかされていますね。

ちなみにその続きの

I couldn’t take my eyes off the car.
「その車 (スポーツカー) から目が離せない」

ですが、take one’s eyes off ~ の形で「~から目を離す」という意味になります。基本的には否定文で使われるようです。しかし、スポーツカーを見ていたんだったらトラックも普通は目に入るだろうと思われるのですが・・・この辺でAさんが何を言っているのか混乱してしまった人がいたのではないでしょうか?

4. which direction the van came from
「バンがどっちの方向から来たのか」

a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. と言っていますね。この選択肢もダメですね。

設問を読んで「確信していない」ものを探せばよい、とわかるのだから、そこから本文の may を見た瞬間に気づくことができれば言うことがないですね。さすがに I’m not sure が目に入れば、この周辺にヒントがあることが分かるでしょう。

【正解】3

問4

問題次の文は、同一の状況について二人の人物がそれぞれの観点から述べたものである。文章を読み、下の問いの(   )に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

Witness A :  I was standing at the bus stop opposite the gas station on Route 300, a four-lane road. That had always been a dangerous area, but it’s safer now because they recently put in traffic signals. There were two vehicles on the road approaching the signal. One was a small farm truck and the other a brand-new sports car. It was getting dark but the heavy rain had just stopped and there were no other cars around. Anyway, the truck and the sports car were driving side by side when the car started to swerve from side to side. I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure – I couldn’t take my eyes off the car. The signal was red, but instead of slowing down, the car sped ahead rapidly. The driver was going to go through the intersection when the light was red! And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit, but they both turned away from each other at the last second and avoided a crash. But then the back doors of the van opened up and hundreds of soccer balls spilled out.

Witness B : I was walking on the side road toward Route 300 – coming to the intersection. I noticed that they had put up signals near the service station. This should help make the intersection safer. Suddenly, a van came up from behind me. It was strange – I could see inside the van and it was full of soccer balls! I had never seen anything like hat before. Anyway, as the van was approaching the signal, the light turned from green to yellow. But the driver went faster when he should have slowed down – he drove into the intersection where he almost hit a sports car. It was so lucky – the man was able to turn to the right and miss the car. I think the sports car turned too. Fortunately, there was no accident, but there were soccer balls all over the place.

問4
Witness A probably thinks that there was almost an accident because of
(  ).

1. the new traffic signals at the intersection
2. the sports car ignoring the traffic signal
3. the truck moving to avoid the sports car
4. the van going too fast for the area

【解説】

設問の文に目を通します。

Witness A probably thinks that there was almost an accident because of (  ).
目撃者Aは(  )が原因で事故事故の大部分が起こったとおそらく考えています。

目撃者Aが考える事故原因ですね。これも Witness A: を読み終われば解答できますね。

選択肢をチェックしましょう。
1. the new traffic signals at the intersection
「交差点の新しい信号機」

本文にこうあります。

That had always been a dangerous area, but it’s safer now because they recently put in traffic signals.
それは常に危険なエリアでしたが、最近信号機を設置したため、今ではより安全になっています。

but の前に dangerous 後ろに safer があります。何度も出てきますが、逆説の接続詞の後ろが特に大切です。以前は危険でしたが、今は安全になったと言うことがかかれてあります。

そしてその理由が because they recently put in traffic signals. ということですね。信号機は事故原因だなんて言っていません。むしろ逆にそれができて、安全になったと言っています。選択肢1. は消すことができますね。

2. the sports car ignoring the traffic signal
「信号を無視したスポーツカー」

本文にこうあります。

The signal was red, but instead of slowing down, the car sped ahead rapidly. The driver was going to go through the intersection when the light was red! And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit

the car と The driver は「スポーツカー」のことです。(これがつかめているかどうかが分かれ道ですね) 2回も信号が red なのに「スポーツカー」が交差点に突っこんでいったことを言っています。そして「向こう側から来たバンとぶつかりそうになった」と言っています。これが正解のようです。

ただ、該当部分が長いのと、やや代名詞が指すものがつかみづらいのでもしかすると、一発で正解と分かるのはつらいかも・・・

3. the truck moving to avoid the sports car
「スポーツカーを避けようと動いたトラック」

本文のこの部分

I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure
「トラックはスポーツカーをよけようとしたみたいだけど、よく分からない」

から考えると違いそうですね。と言っています。よく分からないのですから、これを事故原因だとは言っていないと判断してもよいですね。

4. the van going too fast for the area
「この地域にむかってすごく速く来たバン」

確かに本文に

And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit
そして、その時、突然、向こう側からバンが交差点に入ってきました。 それらがぶつかろうとしていたように見えた

と書かれてありますが、その前の部分に「赤信号を無視して交差点に突っ込むスポーツカー」のことが書かれありますし、そう考えるとこのバンが交差点に入ってきたのは「赤」ではないのですから、Aさんはバンが原因とは考えていないと判断できますね。

「赤信号」を無視したのがどの車かさえ分かれば、正解を導けそうですね。消去法から「バン」ではない、「トラック」・・・でもないなぁ・・・なら「スポーツカー」だな。という感じで選択肢を絞るのも手でしょうか。

【正解】2

問5

問題次の文は、同一の状況について二人の人物がそれぞれの観点から述べたものである。文章を読み、下の問いの(   )に入れるのに最も適当なものを、下の1~4のうちから1つ選べ。

Witness A :  I was standing at the bus stop opposite the gas station on Route 300, a four-lane road. That had always been a dangerous area, but it’s safer now because they recently put in traffic signals. There were two vehicles on the road approaching the signal. One was a small farm truck and the other a brand-new sports car. It was getting dark but the heavy rain had just stopped and there were no other cars around. Anyway, the truck and the sports car were driving side by side when the car started to swerve from side to side. I think the truck may have moved slightly to stay away from the car, but I’m not sure – I couldn’t take my eyes off the car. The signal was red, but instead of slowing down, the car sped ahead rapidly. The driver was going to go through the intersection when the light was red! And that’s when a van suddenly came into the intersection from the far side. It looked like they were going to hit, but they both turned away from each other at the last second and avoided a crash. But then the back doors of the van opened up and hundreds of soccer balls spilled out.

Witness B : I was walking on the side road toward Route 300 – coming to the intersection. I noticed that they had put up signals near the service station. This should help make the intersection safer. Suddenly, a van came up from behind me. It was strange – I could see inside the van and it was full of soccer balls! I had never seen anything like hat before. Anyway, as the van was approaching the signal, the light turned from green to yellow. But the driver went faster when he should have slowed down – he drove into the intersection where he almost hit a sports car. It was so lucky – the man was able to turn to the right and miss the car. I think the sports car turned too. Fortunately, there was no accident, but there were soccer balls all over the place.

問5
Witness B probably thinks that there was almost an accident because of (  ).

1. the sports car speeding through the intersection
2. the traffic signals that were put up recently
3. the truck turning away from the sports car
4. the van driver driving dangerously

【解説】

設問をまず確認しましょう。

Witness B probably thinks that there was almost an accident because of (  ).
目撃者Bは(  )が原因で事故事故の大部分が起こったとおそらく考えています。

目撃者Bが考える事故原因ですね。これは Witness B: を読んで解答する設問になります。

選択肢を見てみましょう。
1. the sports car speeding through the intersection
「交差点を通るスポーツカーのスピード」

スポーツカーの挙動については最後の方でちよっと語られているくらいですね。I think the sports car turned too. にあるとおり、そのスピードについては何も書いていませんので、この選択肢は違いそうですね。

2. the traffic signals that were put up recently
「最近つけられた信号機」

本文に

I noticed that they had put up signals near the service station. This should help make the intersection safer.
彼らがサービスステーションの近くに信号を出していることに気づきました。 これにより、交差点がより安全になります。

とあります。Bさんも信号機については、「つけられて安全になった」と好意的に見ているようですね。この選択肢も違います。

3. the truck turning away from the sports car
「スポーツカーから離れて曲がったトラック」

トラックに関しては一切語られていませんね。しかもトラックが曲がると言うことは問1で 2. を選んでいるはずです。そこで間違えていなければここでも間違えるはずがありません。

4. the van driver driving dangerously
「危険な運転をしているバンの運転手」

本文にこうあります。

Anyway, as the van was approaching the signal, the light turned from green to yellow. But the driver went faster when he should have slowed down
「バンが信号に差し掛かるとき、その光が青から黄色に変わった。しかしその運転手はスピードを緩めるべきだったときに、より速めた」

信号が青から黄色に変わっていたと言っていますね。これがヒントの1つでしょう。

ただ、それよりももっと大きなヒントがこの部分に隠されています。それは逆接の接続詞 But です。何度も言われているように、逆接の接続詞の後ろには話者の主張がある可能性大です。しかもこの文には
should という話者の主張をあらわす助動詞も含まれているではありませんか。

ということでBさんが言いたいのはこの文の内容であることは間違いなさそうです。ということで事故原因は「バン」であると言っている、選択肢4が正解です。

【正解】4

今年のセンター試験第5問は、前年度から形式が変わりました。一応絵を選択する問題もありましたが、長文読解傾向が強いものになりました。

今年の問題は2人の話が微妙に食い違っているところがポイントで、そこを冷静に判断し実際にどういうことが起こったのかを見分ける力が問われていました。。さぁ、来年の第5問はどういう問題になるのでしょう?

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